Data Sources & Methodology

💱 Currency Exchange Rates

Exchange rates (USD/PKR, GBP/PKR, etc.) are sourced from open.er-api.com, which aggregates interbank mid-market rates from global foreign exchange data providers.

• Update frequency: Approximately every 5 minutes when the API is available.
• What “indicative” means: These are mid-market rates, not the rate you will receive from a bank or remittance service. Actual transfer rates include a margin.
• Fallback: When the live API is unavailable, we display the last known rate with a clear label indicating it may be stale.

🪙 Gold Prices

International gold prices (per troy ounce) are sourced from Yahoo Finance (GC=F gold futures). PKR-denominated prices (per tola, per 10g) are calculated using the current USD/PKR exchange rate.

• Local jeweller prices include making charges (typically 2-5% of gold value) and vary by city. Our displayed prices do not include making charges.
• Import duty: Bringing gold into Pakistan incurs customs duty of approximately $20 per tola.
• Update frequency: Approximately every 10 minutes during international market hours.

📈 PSX Stock Data

Pakistan Stock Exchange data is sourced from dps.psx.com.pk, the official PSX data portal.

• Update frequency: Approximately every 15 minutes during PSX trading hours (9:30 AM - 3:30 PM PKT, Monday-Friday).
• After hours: Data shown is the last trading session's closing data and is clearly labelled as such.
• Verification: Always verify current prices with your broker before making trading decisions.

💸 Remittance Service Rates

Remittance exchange rates and fees are checked regularly from each provider's public-facing pricing pages. We currently compare: Wise, Remitly, Western Union, Xoom, WorldRemit, MoneyGram, Ria, and typical bank transfer rates.

• Ranking method: Services are ranked by the total amount the recipient receives (exchange rate minus fees), not by commission or affiliate arrangement.
• Update frequency: Rates are refreshed approximately every 6 hours. Remittance rates change frequently — always confirm on the provider's site before sending.
• Affiliate links: Some providers offer affiliate commissions when you click through from our site. This does not affect our ranking. See our Privacy Policy for details.

📊 Economic Indicators

Macroeconomic data (GDP growth, inflation, policy rate, forex reserves, etc.) is sourced from:

• SBP (State Bank of Pakistan) — policy rate, forex reserves, remittances, current account
• PBS (Pakistan Bureau of Statistics) — GDP, inflation, unemployment, trade data
• FBR (Federal Board of Revenue) — tax collection
• IMF — programme reviews and disbursements

Each indicator on our Economic Indicators page shows its source and the period it covers.

🧮 Calculators

Our calculators (Zakat, Retirement, Property ROI, Tax, Education, Cost of Living) use the data sources listed above combined with publicly available assumptions clearly stated on each calculator page.

Calculator results are estimates and should not be relied upon as financial advice. Always consult a qualified professional for important financial decisions.

⚠️ Important Disclaimer